Teen Mental Health

Teen Mental Health: Identifying When Your Child Needs Assistance

If you’re worried about your teenage child grappling with anxiety, depression, or other mental health issues, rest assured that you’re not alone. Despite efforts by organizations like the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) to address youth mental health, many teens continue to face challenges even long after a national emergency was declared.

As a parent or caregiver, distinguishing between normal biological and social changes during adolescence and signs of more profound mental health concerns can be daunting. How do you know when to talk with your teen and their doctor about their mental well-being?

Pressures Confronting Teens

The pressures on children and teens have intensified during the COVID-19 pandemic, with school closures and other stressors leaving lasting effects. However, numerous other factors contribute to teen stress, including:

• The overwhelming pressure to plan for their future, excel academically, and secure admission to prestigious colleges and universities.
• The need to excel in extracurricular activities, such as sports or the performing arts.
• Inflexible schedules deprive them of much-needed rest and relaxation.
• Bullying, both in person and through social media.
• Persistent fears about global issues like climate change and conflict.
• Experiences of discrimination based on race, gender, sexual orientation, weight, religion, disability, or other factors.
• Challenges related to poverty and limited access to safe housing and nutritious food.

Recognizing Signs of Troubled Teen

As a parent or caregiver, you’re familiar with your child’s typical behavior. Look for changes that may indicate mental health difficulties, including:

• Mood swings, irritability, anger, or tearfulness.
• Significant changes in sleep, eating habits, or other daily routines.
• Loss of interest in activities they used to enjoy.
• Increased withdrawal from friends, family, and the community.
• Avoiding plans with close friends without explanation.
• Academic struggles beyond their usual performance.
• Persistent anxious thoughts or worries.
• Making new friends, you haven’t met before.
• Reluctance to discuss what’s bothering them, even in a supportive environment.
• Obsession with a particular goal, often with a fear that life won’t be the same if they don’t achieve it.
• Signs of substance use or self-harm, such as hidden cuts or bruises.

Common Mental Health Conditions for Teens

Teens face a range of mental health challenges similar to adults, with some common conditions including:

• Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
• Anxiety disorders.
• Depression (which may not always present as sadness but could manifest as anger or irritability).
• Eating disorders like anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa.
• Self-harm, which may be underreported.

Addressing Poor Life Choices and Social Media

Poor life choices are prevalent among teenagers and can exacerbate mental health issues. Discussing this matter with your teen is essential, even if you don’t notice specific mental health symptoms. Deciding to do unhealthy activities often becomes a coping mechanism for emotional pain, indicating a need for support.

Social media plays a significant role in teens’ lives, potentially affecting their mental health. While it can foster positive connections, it may also pose risks for some individuals. Understanding its impact on your child can help you address any related concerns.

Opening Conversations About Mental Health

Initiating conversations with your child about mental health can be challenging but essential. Consider the following points to create a supportive environment:

• Create a judgment-free space for them to talk about difficult issues.
• Listen more than you speak to understand their perspective fully.
• Avoid putting them on the defensive; use factual and fair statements.
• Be patient if they need time to open up.
• Recognize that mental health stigma still exists, and educate yourself and your child about it.

Remember, seeking mental health treatment is as vital as addressing any physical health concern. Be compassionate towards yourself and your child as you navigate this journey together, and remember that you are not to blame for their struggles. Showing love, trust, and respect will help you find the resources to support their well-being.